The Museum's Minor Arts Collection contains ca. 6,000 objects.  They are mainly ecclesiastical artefacts, but there are also secular ones, made in a variety of media in diverse techniques, dating from the fourth to the nineteenth century.
   
The collection was built around the objects purchased by the Supervisory Committee in the first decade after the Museum was founded in 1914.  Subsequently the minor art objects from the collection of the Christian Archaeological Society were added. Between 1920 and 1930 the collection was further augmented with objects from the Greek communities abroad; it also contains works purchased or gifted to the museum and a small number of objects from excavations.
   
The artefacts from the Early Christian period (4th-7th c.) are mainly clay lamps and seals, and small flasks for holy oil (ampullae) made of the same material.  There are fewer items of gold or copper jewellery, glass vessels or metalwork objects, such as buckles, lamps and weights. An important place in the collection is occupied by the "Mitylini Treasure" which includes gold jewellery, silver dishes and gold coins from the early seventh century.
   
There are fewer objects from the Byzantine period.  The brass pectoral cross-reliquaries, that is amulets containing part of the True Cross or other relics and bearing prayers for the salvation of the owner, make up the largest group. The lead seals of imperial and ecclesiastical officials come from the same period, as do some liturgical objects and jewellery, including some signet rings.
   
There are more objects from the Post-Byzantine period than from the earlier years.  They are mainly ecclesiastical, liturgical and eucharistic objects.  Some of them were offerings made by the faithful or clergy to churches and monasteries, as their dedicatory inscriptions testify.  A significant and numerous group is made up of the carved wooden crosses, used for blessings, most of which have metalwork revetment. 
   
The heirlooms from the Greek communities of the diaspora, from modern-day Bulgaria and Livorno in Italy, which came to the Museum through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, are of special artistic importance.  Objects from the Greek communities of Asia Minor and Eastern Thrace, the so-called "Refugees' Heirlooms", which came to Greece after the Asia Minor Disaster of 1922 and the exchange of populations in 1923, are similarly important and testify to the high cultural, social and economic status of the Greeks in the region.
   
There are about 1,000 coins in the Minor Arts Collection, 290 of which belong to the Avgeri Collection.  They are gold coins, representing all the emperors of Constantinople from the fourth to the fourteenth century, and there are also some Modern Greek coins.